Concept of leadership has evolved and developed over the years. Most leadership research suggests that leadership is an important determinant of organisational effectiveness.
THEORIES OF LEADERSHIP
1. GREAT MEN THEORY AND TRAITS THEORY
- Great Men Theory sought to identify the inherited traits leaders possessed that distinguished them from others.
- Traits Theory assumes that people inherit certain qualities and traits that make them better suited to leadership.
2. BEHAVIOURAL THEORIES
- leaders become successful and effective according to what they actually do when dealing with subordinates
- autocratic vs democratic behaviours
3. CONTINGENCIES (SITUATIONAL) THEORIES
- different situations requires different leadership styles
- i. Fiedler’s Contingency Model of Leadership: relationships oriented; tasks oriented
- ii. Hersey and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership Theory
- iii. House’s Path Goal Theory: 4 classifications of leadership i.e. supportive leadership; directive leadership; participative leadership; and achievements oriented leadership
- iv. Vroom, Yetton and Jago’s Contingency Model
4. CONTEMPORARY LEADERSHIP THEORIES
- emerged around the 1980s
- new styles: charismatic leadership; transformational leadership; transactional leadership; servant leadership
- transactional leadership motivates followers to perform their jobs; focuses on economy; focuses on who will better perform their jobs
- Transactional leadership insists on satisfying the needs of their followers; has the ability of satisfying followers
- servant leadership is where the key is ethical and caring behaviour; motivated by the intention to serve
Reference
A comprehensive review of literature, research and theoretical framework, Sait Revda Dinibutun 2020
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