In the early 1920s:
·
Domination
·
Compromise
·
Integration
·
Avoidance
·
Suppression
1964s:
·
Forcing
·
Withdrawing
·
Smoothing
·
Compromising
·
Problem solving
1983 – 2002:
·
Integrating (high concern for self and others) style
·
Integrating (high concern for self and others) style
o
describes parties
who employ cooperative behaviours intended to pursue mutually favourable
solutions
o
focusing on shared
points and goals rather than personal interests
o
involves working
through the conflict with creativity, flexibility, and open communication
o
information exchange
in order to achieve the best (or at least acceptable) solution for all
concerned parties
·
Obliging (low concern for self and high concern for
others) style
o
Characterized by an
incomplete evaluation of alternatives and a one-sided process of giving-in which
decrease the decision-making quality
o
neglects own concern
to satisfy the concern of the other party
o
going along with
others, agreeing without critical evaluation
o
giving in to others’
positions
·
Dominating (high concern for self and low concern for
others) style
o
win-lose orientation
or with forcing behaviour to win one’s own position
o
confrontative
approach that results in one side conceding to other
o
directive
communication about the issue
o
persistent argument
for one’s own position
o
an attempt to take
control of the interaction
·
Avoiding (low concern for self and others) style
o
describes behaviour
that serves to minimize addressing the conflict explicitly, either ignoring it
or quickly shifting conversation to a different issue
o
associated with withdrawal,
buck-passing, or sidestepping situations
·
Compromising style
o
the middle of the
dimension across concern for self and concern for the other
o
modest interest to
pursue a mutually acceptable outcome but without making a concerted effort to
reach it
o
both parties may
have some gains and some losses by allowing give-and-take whereby both parties
give up some important needs or goals because they found that some suboptimal
outcome must be accepted
o
use this style when
§
willingness to solve
the problem is not sufficiently high or
§
when pressures
involving time limitations or high costs present themselves
o
involves such
tactics as
§
appealing to fairness
§
suggestion of a
trade-off
§
maximizing wins and
minimizing losses, and
§
offering a quick,
short-term solution
Shared from:
Carlos Montes, Dámaso Rodríguez, Gonzalo Serrano, (2012),”Affective
choice of conflict management styles”, International Journal of Conflict
Management, Vol. 23 Iss: 1 pp. 6 – 18
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